Scenario Based Analysis of Low Cost RFID Data Protection using Arduino Uno Evaluating Shielding Stacking and Tag Orientation Effects

Abstract

This study explores the effectiveness of low-cost RFID data protection through a scenario-based analysis using an Arduino Uno R3 microcontroller, RC522 RFID reader module, and an LCD I2C module. By simulating practical situations, the research investigates factors that affect RFID performance and security, focusing on material shielding, card stacking, and distance or orientation of RFID tags. The study evaluates 3 scenarios which consist of different shielding materials, card stacks of varying thickness, and the influence of tag positioning relative to the reader. These scenarios provide a comprehensive understanding of how environmental and usage factors impact RFID readability. The findings highlight potential vulnerabilities in RFID systems and offer insights into practical approaches for improving their security. This work demonstrates how simple, cost-effective setups can be utilized for analysing RFID system behaviours, making it an accessible resource for students and professionals in embedded systems and IoT applications.