Designing a Spring-Powered Generator Prototype as an Alternative Power Source

Abstract

Most renewable energy sources such as solar and wind power rely heavily on environmental conditions, which limits their consistency and availability. Conventional small-scale mechanical generators, meanwhile, often suffer from low efficiency and limited adaptability for portable applications. This study aims to design and evaluate a spring-powered generator prototype capable of generating electricity independently of external conditions. The system uses four helical springs arranged in a zig-zag configuration (0°–180°–0°–180°) connected to a main shaft and flywheel to produce rotational motion, which is then converted into electrical energy using a 12 V DC generator. Experimental results show a maximum output voltage of 5.3 V and a rotation duration of approximately 9 seconds. The overall energy conversion efficiency reaches about 6.4%, indicating moderate performance that can be further enhanced through optimization of spring stiffness and flywheel mass. These findings demonstrate the feasibility of spring-based mechanical systems as compact, low-cost, and environmentally friendly power sources for small-scale, off-grid, or educational applications.