Conceptual Framework for Assessing the Impact of Green Design Strategies on High-Rise Building Performance in Regions Characterised by Heat and High Humidity

Lee Kang Jing; Md Azree Othuman Mydin

Authors

Lee Kang Jing Department of Building Surveying, School of Housing, Building and Planning, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Penang, Malaysia
Md Azree Othuman Mydin Department of Building Surveying, School of Housing, Building and Planning, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Penang, Malaysia https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8639-1089

Keywords:

Green Design, High-rise Building, Hot and Humid Weather, Criteria, Alternatives

Abstract

Green design focuses on creating buildings that enhance human health and minimise environmental impacts. In Malaysia, especially in urban areas, there is growing attention to green building strategies for high-rise structures. However, the nation’s tropical climate, characterised by heat and high humidity, poses significant challenges for these sustainable practices. The science and methodologies behind green design are still developing, and successful implementation faces several obstacles, including limited knowledge among stakeholders such as consultants and contractors. This study aims to assess the performance of green design strategies for high-rise buildings in Malaysia’s hot and humid environment. It seeks to establish criteria for evaluating green designs under these climatic conditions and proposes alternatives to improve current practices. Environmental and economic performance are major concerns, as some buildings with green certifications do not always deliver expected outcomes due to execution gaps. By evaluating the efficiency, sustainability, and safety of green features in high-rise buildings, the research intends to facilitate the evolution of Malaysia’s construction sector toward more sustainable and environmentally friendly practices. The ultimate goal is to promote healthier and more productive living spaces, reduce greenhouse gas emissions, improve air quality, and conserve natural resources, thus supporting a sustainable future for the built environment in regions facing similar climatic challenges.

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[44] M. Alyami, M.A.O. Mydin, A.M. Zeyad, S.S. Majeed, and B.A. Tayeh, Influence of Wastepaper Sludge Ash as Partial Cement Replacement on the Properties of Lightweight Foamed Concrete. Journal of Building Engineering 79 (2023) 107893. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jobe.2023.107893.

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[46] A.M. Maglad, M.A.O. Mydin, S.S. Majeed, B.A. Tayeh, and S.A. Mostafa, Development of Eco-Friendly Foamed Concrete with Waste Glass Sheet Powder for Mechanical, Thermal, and Durability Properties Enhancement. Journal of Building Engineering 80 (2023) 107974. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jobe.2023.107974.

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[55] S.S. Majeed, M.A.O. Mydin, A. Bahrami, A. Dulaimi, Y.O. Özkılıç, R. Omar, and P. Jagadesh, Development of ultra-Lightweight Foamed Concrete Modified with Silicon Dioxide (SiO2) nanoparticles: Appraisal of Transport, Mechanical, Thermal, and Microstructural Properties. Journal of Materials Research and Technology 30 (2024) 3308–3327. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmrt.2024.01.282.

[56] M.A.O. Mydin, N.H. Sor, F. Althoey, Y.O. Özkılıç, M.M.A.B. Abdullah, H.F. Isleem, A.F. Deifalla, and T.A. Tawfik, Performance of Lightweight Foamed Concrete Partially Replacing Cement with Industrial and Agricultural Wastes: Microstructure Characteristics, Thermal Conductivity, and Hardened Properties. Ain Shams Engineering Journal 14 (2023) 102546. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.asej.2023.102546.

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[62] A.M. Serudin, M.A.O. Mydin, and A.N.A. Ghani, Influence of Fibreglass Mesh on Physical Properties of Lightweight Foamcrete. IIUM Engineering Journal 22 (2021) 23–34. https://doi.org/10.31436/iiumej.v22i1.1446.

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[64] M.A.O. Mydin, N. Sarpin, R.M. Zainol, R. Odeh, and M.N.M. Nawi, The Impact of Climatological Factors on the Multifaceted and Multisystemic Deficiencies of Building Anatomy. Journal of Advanced Research in Applied Sciences and Engineering Technology 50 (2024) 308–329. https://doi.org/10.37934/araset.50.1.308329.

[65] A. Dulaimi, Q.S. Banyhussan, J. Abdulrazzaq, M.A.O. Mydin, A. Al-Bdairi, and R.R.A. Almuhanna, Effect of Water Content and Degree of Compaction of Clay Subgrade Soil on the Interface Shear Strength using Geogrid. Journal of Advanced Research in Applied Sciences and Engineering Technology (2024) 262–280. https://doi.org/10.37934/araset.52.2.262280.

[66] M.A.O. Mydin, A.I.C. Ani, A. Dulaimi, M.N.M. Nawi, and R. Omar, Assessing the Effects of Insect Attacks on Buildings and Practical Corrective Measures. Journal of Advanced Research in Applied Sciences and Engineering Technology 50 (2024) 1–17. https://doi.org/10.37934/araset.50.1.117.

[67] N.F. Zahari, M.A. Bakar, S.D.M. Wahid,and M.A.O. Mydin, Implementation of Quality Management System for Historical Building Conservation. MATEC Web of Conferences 15 (2014) 01027. https://doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/20141501027.

[68] M.A.O. Mydin, N.H. Ja’afar, N. Norazman, M.A. Zaidi, and M.N.M. Nawi, Appraisal of the Aetiology and Pathology of Soil Settlement-Related Building Defects and Failures. Journal of Advanced Research in Applied Sciences and Engineering Technology 50 (2024) 286–307. https://doi.org/10.37934/araset.50.1.286307.

[69] P. Arokiasamy, M.M.A.B. Abdullah, E. Arifi, N.H. Jamil, M.A.O. Mydin, S.Z.A. Rahim, A.V. Sandu, and S. Ishak, Sustainable Geopolymer Adsorbents Utilizing Silica Fume as a Partial Replacement for Metakaolin in the Removal of Copper Ion from Synthesized Copper Solution. Case Studies in Construction Materials (2024) e04142. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cscm.2024.e04142.

[70] A.M. Maglad, M.A.O. Mydin, R.C. Kaze, I.S. Abbood, and B.A. Tayeh, Synergistic effect of waste Gypsum Plasterboard and Fly Ash as Partial Cement Replacement on Fresh-State, Microstructural, Mechanical and Transport Properties of Foamed Concrete. Construction and Building Materials 463 (2025) 140079. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2025.140079.

[71] S. Shahari, M.F. Ghazli, M.M.A.B. Abdullah, T.C. Lih, M.A.O. Mydin, M.S. Osman, V.T. Le, and M.F.M. Tahir, A Comparative Study on Effects of Fly Ash and Fly Ash based Geopolymer on the Fire and Mechanical Properties of Glass Fibre Reinforced Epoxy Composite. Construction and Building Materials 457 (2024) 139434. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2024.139434.

[72] M.A.O. Mydin, P. Jagadesh, A. Bahrami, S.S. Majeed, A. Dulaimi, and R. Omar, Study on Fresh and Hardened State Properties of Eco-Friendly Foamed Concrete Incorporating Waste Soda-Lime Glass. Scientific Reports 14 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-024-69572-4.

[73] A.A. Sattar, M.A.O. Mydin, and M. Shahadat, Developing Innovative Nano-Engineered Lightweight Foamed Concrete Incorporating Iron Oxide (II, III) with Enhanced Mechanical and Transport Properties. Journal of Advanced Research Design 122 (2024) 8–26. https://doi.org/10.37934/ard.122.1.826.

[74] M.A.O. Mydin, Study on the Engineering Properties of Lightweight Foamed Concrete Modified with Palm Stalk Fiber as an Additive. Journal of Advanced Research Design 121 (2024) 11–21. https://doi.org/10.37934/ard.121.1.1121.

[75] M.A.O. Mydin, R. Omar, M.N.M. Nawi, W.N.W. Ismail, and N. Norazman, Identifying and categorizing Building Defects and Failures caused by Overloading. Journal of Advanced Research in Applied Mechanics 122 (2024) 186–204. https://doi.org/10.37934/aram.122.1.186204.

[76] M.A.O. Mydin, The Potential Use of Palm Frond Fibre on the Mechanical Performance of Lightweight Foamed Concrete. Journal of Advanced Research Design 120 (2024) 36–46. https://doi.org/10.37934/ard.120.1.3646.

[77] M.A.O. Mydin, A.I.C. Ani, N.F.A.N. Yahya, N.Y.@ Ya’acob, and M.N.M. Nawi, The Influence of Impact and Explosion as Agents of Defects on the Structural Integrity of Buildings. Journal of Advanced Research in Applied Mechanics 121 (2024) 222–238. https://doi.org/10.37934/aram.121.1.2222380.

[78] A.M. Maglad, M.A.O. Mydin, S.D. Datta, I.S. Abbood, and B.A. Tayeh, Impact of Anionic Surfactant-Based Foaming Agents on the Properties of Lightweight Foamed Concrete. Construction and Building Materials 438 (2024) 137119. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2024.137119.

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