Mechanical Performance of Textile Waste Blended Recycled Polyester using Needle-Punched Method for Nonwoven TW/RP Composite

Sharanya Kumar; Noraini Marsi; Muhamad Faauzan Azim Mohd Failiz; Nur Atiqah Roslan; Noor Zaman Hanzir; Mohd Seth Sulaiman; Nik Normunira Mat Hassan; Amirul Syafiq Sadun; Azrin Hani Abdul Rashid; Efil Yusrianto

Authors

Sharanya Kumar Faculty of Engineering Technology, Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia, Pagoh Campus KM 1, Jln Panchor, 86400 Pagoh, Johor, MALAYSIA
Noraini Marsi Faculty of Engineering Technology, Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia, Pagoh Campus KM 1, Jln Panchor, 86400 Pagoh, Johor, MALAYSIA
Muhamad Faauzan Azim Mohd Failiz Faculty of Engineering Technology, Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia, Pagoh Campus KM 1, Jln Panchor, 86400 Pagoh, Johor, Malaysia
Nur Atiqah Roslan KB Teknik Sdn Bhd, Lot 1573B, Batu 29, Jln Ipoh, 44300 Ulu Yam, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
Noor Zaman Hanzir KB Teknik Sdn Bhd, Lot 1573B, Batu 29, Jln Ipoh, 44300 Ulu Yam, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
Mohd Seth Sulaiman KB Teknik Sdn Bhd, Lot 1573B, Batu 29, Jln Ipoh, 44300 Ulu Yam, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
Nik Normunira Mat Hassan Faculty of Engineering Technology, Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia, Pagoh Campus KM 1, Jln Panchor, 86400 Pagoh, Johor, MALAYSIA
Amirul Syafiq Sadun Faculty of Engineering Technology, Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia, Pagoh Campus KM 1, Jln Panchor, 86400 Pagoh, Johor, MALAYSIA
Azrin Hani Abdul Rashid Faculty of Engineering Technology, Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia, Pagoh Campus KM 1, Jln Panchor, 86400 Pagoh, Johor, MALAYSIA
Efil Yusrianto Universitas Islam Negeri Imam Bonjol Padang, Jl. Prof. Mahmud Yunus Lubuk Lintah, Anduring, Kec. Kuranji, Padang, 25153 Sumatera Barat, Indonesia

Keywords:

Nonwoven, Needle Punching, Recycled Polyester, Textile Waste, Tensile Strength

Abstract

This study examines the mechanical performance of nonwoven composites produced by blending textile waste (TW) with recycled polyester (RP) via needle punching. Composites were fabricated with varying TW:RP ratios (1:40, 2:40, 3:40, 4:40, and 5:40) and evaluated for maximum load, tensile strength, strain, stiffness, tear strength, and Young’s modulus. Tensile tests were conducted with a Universal Tensile Machine (UTM) in accordance with ASTM D2261. Results showed that the 4:40 TW:RP composition (Sample D) achieved the highest tensile strength (52.69 kPa), maximum load (158.07 N), strain (114.92%), and stiffness (6.73 N/mm). Tear strength testing also confirmed superior performance for Sample D, with a maximum load of 20.65 kPa, while Young’s modulus reached 44.67 kPa. These findings indicate that the 4:40 composition provides an optimal balance of flexibility and strength, enabling the composite to absorb more energy before failure. Mechanical performance improved with increasing TW content up to this ratio, where effective fiber reinforcement and matrix interaction enhanced structural properties. Beyond this point, excessive TW content reduced tear strength due to poor dispersion and weak fiber bonding. Overall, Sample D (4:40 TW:RP) demonstrated the best mechanical performance, underscoring its potential for sustainable, high‑performance nonwoven textile applications.