Prediction of Bifacial Photovoltaic Panel Performance using Temperature and Irradiance Data at Johor, Malaysia

Abstract

The increasing global demand for renewable energy underscores the significance of photovoltaic (PV) technology as a sustainable energy source. Bifacial PV modules, unlike traditional monofacial modules, capture sunlight on both their front and rear surfaces, enhancing their efficiency. However, accurately estimating the energy output of PV panels remains challenging due to environmental influences. PV panels can only deliver power up to their rated capacity under Standard Test Conditions (STC), and deviations in weather conditions often lead to performance below the rated output. Accurate prediction, therefore, requires accounting for factors such as weather variations, peak sun hours, and temperature, which significantly affect performance. This study focuses on predicting the output of bifacial PV modules based on cell temperature and irradiance levels, aiming to achieve precise energy estimation. The analysis employs the JKM560N-72HL4-BCV module, with a maximum power rating of 560 W, to develop a predictive model incorporating environmental parameters. The research was conducted at the Faculty of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia, Block QB, located at coordinates 1.861709, 103.085467. The result shows with a 25% effect of Bifacial Gain, the monthly bifacial PV power output shows a notable increase compared to the zero BG scenario, with February recording the highest output (260.87 W) and August the lowest (225.86 W).