Masalah Kejahatan dalam Wacana Ateisme: Analisis Pendekatan NGO Islam di Malaysia

The Problem of Evil in Atheistic Discourse: An Analysis of the Approaches of Islamic NGOs in Malaysia

Abstract

Masalah kejahatan merupakan antara hujah utama dalam wacana ateisme yang mempersoalkan kewujudan dan keadilan Tuhan. Persoalan kejahatan, penderitaan dan ketidakadilan yang berlaku di dunia dunia digunakan oleh individu ateis untuk menolak kewujudan Tuhan  sekaligus mencabar kefahaman dan penghayatan agama dalam kalangan masyarakat beragama. Artikel ini bertujuan menganalisis pendekatan NGO Islam di Malaysia dalam menangani hujah masalah kejahatan dalam wacana ateisme. Menggunakan analisis kualitatif terhadap hasil temu bual serta artikel berkaitan, kajian ini mendapati pendekatan NGO Islam bersifat komprehensif. Dapatan kajian menunjukkan bahawa NGO Islam menggunakan strategi holistik yang menggabungkan pendekatan psikologi dan emosi, logik dan intelektual serta naqli dan tekstual. Dari aspek psikologi, NGO Islam menumpukan kepada sokongan emosi dan empati terhadap individu skeptikal. Manakala dari sudut logik dan intelektual, teknik seperti cognitive reframing, reductionist thinking, hujah saintifik dan retorik kritikal digunakan untuk membimbing individu menilai persoalan secara rasional. Pendekatan naqli dan tekstual pula menekankan penggunaan al-Qur’an, hadis dan konsistensi teks, disertai dengan konsep tarhib bagi menegaskan keadilan Tuhan. Kajian ini menunjukkan bahawa integrasi antara aspek psikospiritual, logik, dan teks agama dapat menjadikan dakwah lebih berkesan dalam membina pemahaman agama yang holistik, sekaligus menyediakan strategi berkesan untuk menangani wacana ateisme kontemporari.

The problem of evil is one of the central arguments in atheistic discourse that questions the existence and justice of God. Issues related to evil, suffering, and injustice in the world are frequently employed by atheists to deny the existence of God, thereby challenging religious understanding and religious lived experience among believers. This article aims to analyse the approaches adopted by Islamic NGOs in Malaysia in responding to the problem of evil within atheistic discourse. Using qualitative analysis of interview data and relevant articles, the study finds that the approaches employed by Islamic NGOs are comprehensive and integrated. The findings indicate that Islamic NGOs adopt a holistic strategy that combines psychological and emotional approaches, logical and intellectual reasoning, as well as naqli (revealed) and textual methods. From a psychological perspective, Islamic NGOs emphasise emotional support and empathy towards sceptical individuals. From a logical and intellectual standpoint, techniques such as cognitive reframing, reductionist thinking, scientific arguments, and critical rhetoric are utilised to guide individuals in evaluating the issue rationally. Meanwhile, the naqli and textual approach highlights the use of the Qur’an, Hadith, and textual consistency, complemented by the concept of tarhib to emphasise divine justice. Overall, this study demonstrates that the integration of psychospiritual, logical, and scriptural dimensions enhances the effectiveness of da‘wah in fostering a holistic religious understanding, while also providing an effective strategy for addressing contemporary atheistic discourse.